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TUTOR (also known as PLATO Author Language) is a programming language developed for use on the PLATO system at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign around 1965. TUTOR was initially designed by Paul Tenczar for use in computer assisted instruction (CAI) and computer managed instruction (CMI) (in computer programs called "lessons") and has many features for that purpose. For example, TUTOR has powerful answer-parsing and answer-judging commands, graphics, and features to simplify handling student records and statistics by instructors. TUTOR's flexibility, in combination with PLATO's computational power (running on what was considered a supercomputer in 1972), also made it suitable for the creation of many non-educational lessons—that is, ''games''—including flight simulators, war games, dungeon style multiplayer role-playing games, card games, word games, and medical lesson games such as Bugs and Drugs (BND). ==Origins and development== TUTOR was originally developed as a special purpose authoring language for designing instructional lessons, and its evolution into a general purpose programming language was unplanned. The name TUTOR was first applied to the authoring language of the PLATO system in the later days of Plato III. The first documentation of the language, under this name, appears to have been ''The TUTOR Manual'', CERL Report X-4, by R. A. Avner and P. Tenczar, Jan. 1969. The article ''Teaching the Translation of Russian by Computer'' gives a snapshot of TUTOR from shortly before PLATO IV was operational. Core elements of the language were present, but commands were given in upper case, and instead of using a general mechanism, support for alternative character sets was through special command names such as WRUSS for "write using the Russian character set."Through the 1970s, the developers of TUTOR took advantage of the fact that the entire corpus of TUTOR programs were stored on-line on the same computer system. Whenever they felt a need to change the language, they ran conversion software over the corpus of TUTOR code to revise all existing code so that it conformed with the changes they had made.〔(Forward progress with full backward compatibility ) by Bruce Sherwood, in the Python (IDLE-dev Archives ) Apr. 9, 2000〕 As a result, once new versions of TUTOR were developed, maintaining compatibility with the PLATO version could be very difficult.〔Section 7.2 of ''Run-Time Support for the TUTOR Language on a Small Computer System,'' by Douglas W. Jones, 1976〕 CDC, by 1981, had largely expunged the name TUTOR from their PLATO documentation. They referred to the language itself as the ''PLATO Author Language''. The phrase ''TUTOR file'' or even ''TUTOR lesson file'' survived, however, as the name of the type of file used to store text written in the PLATO Author Language.〔see, for example, page 4-56 of the ''PLATO User's Guide'', Control Data Corporation, 1981.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TUTOR (programming language)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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